Impact breaking or crushing machines



Sept. 1963 a. H. PATTINSON 3,103,317

IMPACT BREAKING OR CRUSHING MACHINES Filed Feb. 2. 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 1//Vl E/V7'OE GEORGE HEN RY PATTINSON Sept. 10, 1963 G. H. PATTINSON'IMPACT BREAKING OR CRUSHING MACHINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 2, 1961flVVE/VTOZ GEORGE HENRY PATTI NSO N United States Patent 3,103,317HVIPACT BREAKING 0R CRUSHING MACHINES The present invention relates tomachines for breaking up or crushing stone, gravel, clinker, slag andlike material by impact, and concerns those of the rotary type wherein arotor having a series of radial hammers revolves within a housing orcasing having a roughened or ribbed interior surface constituting ananvil against which the material to 'be broken or crushed by impact isthrown by the heads of the revolving hammers.

'I'he anvil surface may be constitutedrby blocks made from manganese orother expensive steel and it is an object of the present invention tokeep to a minimum the cost of maintaining the anvil surface.

The present invention provides an impact breaking or crushing machine inwhich a series of attrition resistant blocks is detachably mounted so asto form an anvil surface for the material which is impacted by rotaryhammer heads, some at least of the blocks being formed on their strikingsurfaces with recesses shaped so as to retain some of the crushed orbroken material, thereby forming a protecting layer for the anvilsurface, and being provided with reverse surfaces which are similar tothe striking surfaces and are formed with similar recesses to render theblocks reversible.

Further according to the present invention there is provided, for animpact breaking or crushing machine as hereinbefore defined, anattrition-resistant block formed on its striking surface with a recessshaped so as to retain some of the crushed or broken material, and beingprovided with a reverse surface which is similar to the striking surfaceand formed with a similar recess to render the block reversible.

In a preferred constructional form, the two recesses in the blocks areU-shaped and open in opposite directions, thus giving the blocks across-section of S-shape. Alternatively, the two recesses may open inthe same direction to give the blocks a cross-section of E-shaped andfacilitate casting or rolling of the blocks during their manufactureEmbodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example,with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a sectional elevation showing a breaking or crushingmachine;

FIGURE 2 is a detail view showing one of the blocks which form the anvilsurface of the machine;

FIGURE 3 is a view in the direction of arrow III of FIGURE 2, and,

FIGURE 4 is a detail section showing an alternative form of block.

The machine described is for breaking or crushing stones, gravel,clinker, slag or the like and comprises a casing 11 within which arotatable member 11 is mounted. A series of hammers 12, of which theheads 13 are replaceable, are mounted on the rotary member 11. In use,material to be broken or crushed is fed into the hopper 14 and passesdownwardly till the revolving hammer heads 13 impact the materialagainst the anvil surface 15. After being broken between the heads 13and the surface 115 1t-l6ie broken material falls downwardly throughout- The anvil surface 15 is formed by a series of attritionresistantblocks 17 formed from manganese steel or other 3,1h33l7 Patented Sept.19, 1963 suitable material. Interposed between the blocks 17 are smallerblocks 18 and the blocks 17 and 18 are mounted side by side, forming astationary arc, and are secured at their ends by means of bolts 19 tothe casing 10.

It will be noted that each block 17 has a reverse surface which issimilar to its striking surface 2-0 to render the block reversible. Theblocks 17 are each formed with two U-shaped recesses 21, preferably togive a cross-section of S-shaped as shown in FIGURE 1. Also, the blocks18 are formed with longitudinally extending recesses 23 which merge intothe recesses 21.

Referring to FIGURES 2 and 3, the block 17 is of elongated form and hasat each end a pair of projections 24. The projections 24 are formed withaligned openings 25 for bolts 19 and with lifting lugs 26.

Corresponding bolt holes and lifting lugs are also formed on the smallerblocks 18.

An alternative form of block, 17A, is shown in FIG- URE 4. Again,similar recesses 21A render the block reversible but in this case theblock has a cross-section of E-shape. As will be appreciated, thissection is simpler to cast or roll, during manufacture, than an S-shapedblock.

It will be noted that both block 17 and block 17A are symmetrical aboutthe medial plane 28 of the block. The projections 24 are alsosymmetrically disposed in relation to the medial plane 28. The blocks 17and 17A have parallel surfaces 29 and Sil and 2A and 30A re-:spectively, medial plane and form part of the striking surface of theblocks. This arrangement permits the blocks 17 and 17A to be reversiblyfitted between the blocks 18.

In operation of the machine, material to be crushed is thrown by thehammer into the pockets formed by the recesses 21 and as the processcontinues the striking surfaces 20 of the blocks are protected bymaterial retained in the cavities, and so wear on the striking surfacesis reduced as the material itself absorbs impact. However, wear doestake place and eventually the striking surfaces 20 are unfit for furtheruse. At this stage, the larger blocks are reversed to introduce freshstriking faces, and thus the lift of each block is doubled. It vw'll beappreciated that the cost of a block according to the present inventionwill be more than but not double that of a single face block. Also, theinconveniences associated with ordering and transporting blocks arehalved.

I claim:

1. An impact breaking or crushing machine comprising a series of rotaryhammer heads and a plurality of attrition-resistant blocks detachablymounted so as to form an anvil surface for material which is impacted'by the rotary hammer heads, some :at least of the blocks being formedof S-shaped cross-section to provide on the striking surfaces recesseswhich act to retain some of the crushed or broken material therebyforming a protective layer for the anvil surface and to provide reversesurfaces with similar recesses to render the blocks reversible.

2. An impact breaking or crushing machine comprising a series of rotaryhammer heads and a plurality of attrition-resistant blocks detachablymounted so as to form an anvil surface for material whic his impacted bythe rotary hammer heads, some at least of the blocks being formed ofE-sh-aped cross-section to provide on the striking surfaces recesseswhich act to retain some of the crushed or broken material therebyforming a protective layer for the anvil surface and to provide reversesurfaces with similar recesses to render the blocks reversible.

3. An attrition resistant block for use in an anvil surface of an impactbreaking or crushing machine, said block comprising a central strikingportion having a medial plane and attachment projections at each end ofwhich are perpendicular to and intersect the said central strikingportion, said attachment projections being of less thickness than saidcentral striking portion and being arranged symmetrically in relation tothe medial plane of the central portion, said central striking portionhaving a pair of parallel faces which are laterally displaced from eachother and lying at equal distances and on opposite sides of said medialplane, said central striking portion having a pair of parallel strikingiaces perpendicular to and intersecting the medial plane, each of saidstriking 8068 having at least one recess therein to receive and holdmaterial to be pulverized.

4. An attrition resistant block for use in an anvil surface of an impactbreaking or crushing machine, said block comprising a central strikingportion having a medial plane and attachment projections at each end ofsaid central striking portion, said attachment projections being of lessthickness than said central striking portion and being arrangedsymmetrically in relation to the medial plane of the central portion,said central striking portion having a pair of parallel faces which arelaterally displaced from each other and lying at equal distances and onopposite sides of said medial plane, said central striking portionhaving a pair of parallel striking faces perpendicular to andintersecting the medial plane, one of said striking faces having atleast two recesses therein to receive and hold material to bepulverized.

References (Iited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS196,039 Phelps Oct. 9, 1877 2,196,722 Clement Apr. 9, 1940 2,244,577Schreiber June 3, 1941 2,568,203 Pattinson Sept. 18, 1951 2,877,956Sackett IVI'EI. 17, 1959 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,015,304 Germany Sept. 5, 1957

1. AN IMPACT BREAKING OR CRUSHING MACHINE COMPRISING A SERIES OF ROTARYHAMMER HEADS AND A PLURALITY OF ATTRITION-RESISTANT BLOCKS DETACHABLYMOUNTED SO AS TO FORM AN ANVIL SURFACE FOR MATERIAL WHICH IS IMPACTED BYTHE ROTARY HAMMER HEADS, SOME AT LEAST OF THE BLOCKS BEING FORMED OFS-SHAPED CROSS-SECTION TO PROVIDE ON THE STRIKING SURFACES RECESSESWHICH ACT TO RETAIN SOME OF THE CRUSHED OR BROKEN MATERIAL THEREBYFORMING A PROTECTIVE LAYER FOR THE ANVIL SURFACE AND TO PROVIDE REVERSESURFACES WITH SIMILAR RECESSES TO RENDER THE BLOCKS REVERSIBLE.